Has venture capital outgrown its returns?

Do larger funds and longer private-company lifecycles improve outcomes or make real returns harder to achieve?

What’s at stake

Venture returns depend on rare outcomes, but the amount of money chasing them can grow quickly. Bigger funds need bigger checks and larger exits. The recurring tension is between a strategy that looks attractive on paper and one that eventually returns enough cash to the people who supplied it.

The ideas that connect

Fund size changes the investment problem

Botha’s scarcity argument and the later discussion of check size fit together: more capital cannot manufacture exceptional founders, but it does force funds to find places to deploy larger sums. A large fund may therefore move toward later-stage companies even when its reputation was built on early discovery. The portfolio has to be evaluated against its size, not just the quality of its best-known holding.

Supporting passages
Sequoia's Roelof Botha: Why Venture Capital is Broken & How Great Companies Are Built ↗

2025-10-09

Roelof Botha · 3:58
They're worth 25, 26 billion dollars. You need 40 FIGMAs a year for the industry to make the returns work, which means that they don't. So, in my opinion, investing in venture is a return-free risk. You shouldn't. They're basically only about 20 companies.
Chamath Palihapitiya · 5:06
You said return-free risk.
Roelof Botha · 5:09
Exactly. If you look at every single decade, there are only about 20 companies that end up getting exit values, north of a billion dollars. Actual IPOs or M&As, north of a billion. Not the paper write-ups. Only 20 companies. More money doesn't create more great ideas or more great founders. So, I think there is way too much money in the industry. The industry does provide a lot of value. It provides some of the know-how for entrepreneurs to succeed and obviously leads to job creation and all the attendant benefits for America. But there is too much money and too many people want to be investors.

Open the source and seek to the timestamp above.

Bill Maris: How Google Could Crush AI Competitors, Why Small Funds Win, and AI's Atari Stage ↗

2026-06-09

David Sacks · 25:57
Well, I don't think we need to become Andreessen Horowitz, but look, I think fund size determines fund strategy and the size of your fund, because you're going to divide your fund size by 20 to 25 names to achieve some portfolio diversification and construction, that will determine your check size and that sort of determines where you play in the market. The thing that's spinning through my head after Thomas' presentation is, you know, are you better off just focusing on, you know, let's call it what used to be called, I don't know, late venture, early growth? You know, you're writing $50 million checks, you just kind of wait for the breakouts as opposed to playing in this really noisy, super early stage game.

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Fear can concentrate supposedly diversified portfolios

AI uncertainty makes some familiar software investments look less durable. That can crowd capital into frontier labs, space and defense—the businesses perceived to sit outside the disruption. Combined with the pressure to write large checks, this creates a concentration risk across funds, not merely within one portfolio. Backing the same apparent winners is not the same as buying them at prices that allow attractive returns.

Supporting passages
Anthropic's $30B Ramp, Mythos Doomsday, OpenClaw Ankled, Iran War Ceasefire, Israel's Influence ↗

2026-04-10

Brad Gerstner · 1:03:18
No, we've got billions of both companies at this point.
Jason Calacanis · 1:03:20
Billions of both companies?
Brad Gerstner · 1:03:22
Oh, my lord. Yum, yum. I think there's this existential thing going on in venture today. David could talk about it as well. I mean, people can't, they're extraordinarily nervous about, you look at the IGV stock index, down 30% year to date, down 5% today, all software stocks plummeting, right? Venture capitalists are terrified to invest money in anything other than these frontier models and things like SpaceX or military modernization. Finding something that's out of harm's way of AI, right, where you can count on the terminal value to Chamath's insights over the last few weeks is very difficult to do. That's why you see this crowding. So we've taken a barbell approach, right?

Open the source and seek to the timestamp above.

Bill Maris: How Google Could Crush AI Competitors, Why Small Funds Win, and AI's Atari Stage ↗

2026-06-09

David Sacks · 25:57
Well, I don't think we need to become Andreessen Horowitz, but look, I think fund size determines fund strategy and the size of your fund, because you're going to divide your fund size by 20 to 25 names to achieve some portfolio diversification and construction, that will determine your check size and that sort of determines where you play in the market. The thing that's spinning through my head after Thomas' presentation is, you know, are you better off just focusing on, you know, let's call it what used to be called, I don't know, late venture, early growth? You know, you're writing $50 million checks, you just kind of wait for the breakouts as opposed to playing in this really noisy, super early stage game.

Open the source and seek to the timestamp above.

Paper gains must become distributions

A higher private valuation does not return cash to an investor. Longer private lives make secondary sales more important, but selling can conflict with founder relationships or the desire to retain future upside. Botha’s focus on actual exits and Gerstner’s case for regularly considering sales address the same discipline: distinguish the mark on a holding from the money a fund has realized.

Supporting passages
Sequoia's Roelof Botha: Why Venture Capital is Broken & How Great Companies Are Built ↗

2025-10-09

Roelof Botha · 3:58
They're worth 25, 26 billion dollars. You need 40 FIGMAs a year for the industry to make the returns work, which means that they don't. So, in my opinion, investing in venture is a return-free risk. You shouldn't. They're basically only about 20 companies.
Chamath Palihapitiya · 5:06
You said return-free risk.
Roelof Botha · 5:09
Exactly. If you look at every single decade, there are only about 20 companies that end up getting exit values, north of a billion dollars. Actual IPOs or M&As, north of a billion. Not the paper write-ups. Only 20 companies. More money doesn't create more great ideas or more great founders. So, I think there is way too much money in the industry. The industry does provide a lot of value. It provides some of the know-how for entrepreneurs to succeed and obviously leads to job creation and all the attendant benefits for America. But there is too much money and too many people want to be investors.

Open the source and seek to the timestamp above.

Inside the Private Stock Market Boom: SpaceX, Anthropic, OpenAI & the Rise of Secondaries ↗

2026-06-07

Brad Gerstner · 16:36
Gavin and I get up every morning and we think to ourselves, should we buy today or should we sell today? Venture capitalists don't think about the sell part. They think about the buy part. So if we're going to stay private for longer and we're going to have trillion dollar private companies and Databricks at 200 billion dollars, you got to think about is today a day we should be selling some and returning it to our investors?
Chamath Palihapitiya · 17:26
Because doesn't it create though, as what Jason said, these very complicated personality dynamics where maybe you get shot out of a new company, maybe you get shot out of an incremental round and there's bad blood because you're a credible investor and there's the signaling risk. Whereas in the privates, if you and Gavin decide to sell, nobody knows.

Open the source and seek to the timestamp above.

What remains unresolved

Can a fund’s realized proceeds justify the capital it raised and the time it held it? Look beyond its most impressive winner to portfolio concentration, entry prices and distributions.

A selected guide · September 2025–September 4, 2026 · Sources and method

Who gets access before the IPO?Open models and the frontier premiumCan the AI buildout pay for itself?