Who gets access before the IPO?
How can investors and employees share in private-company growth without becoming someone else's exit liquidity?
What’s at stake
Companies can stay private through years of growth, leaving ordinary investors outside while employees and funds wait for liquidity. Opening access can address that imbalance. It can also bring buyers into heavily promoted companies just as existing owners want to sell. Access, price and liquidity must be considered together.
The ideas that connect
Eligibility is only the first gate
Tenev’s case for tests or self-certification challenges wealth as a proxy for investment knowledge. But the warning about famous late-stage companies adds another issue: permission to buy does not make the valuation attractive. A useful market needs enough information to assess what is being offered, not merely a checkbox acknowledging that losses are possible.
Supporting passages
2025-09-15
I think relaxation of accreditation standards towards more self-certification. You mentioned a test. I think a test I consider to be one form of self-certification. But the simplest form is just someone saying, I understand the risks, I understand I could lose 100 percent of what I put in this investment. You can even put like skull and crossbones.
Open the source and seek to the timestamp above.
2026-06-07
I think the retail investor coming into this space needs to look down market and look at interesting opportunities that aren't the things that are on CNBC every day and have access to them earlier. We had a bunch of retail investors show up in 2018 and 2019 that wanted to be in SpaceX and they're thrilled that they got in when the valuation was 30 billion. I think if the market opens up, that's what we'll be talking about. What do I want to get into now that's not at the very, very top of the market getting ready to go public?
Open the source and seek to the timestamp above.
Longer private lives create pressure for secondary sales
If an IPO is delayed, employees and investors still need ways to realize gains. Secondary sales can meet that need, but a seller’s desire for liquidity is not evidence that the buyer has a bargain. The link between private-market selling and listing costs explains why this market grows: companies can have abundant private capital while their existing owners need cash back.
Supporting passages
2026-06-07
Gavin and I get up every morning and we think to ourselves, should we buy today or should we sell today? Venture capitalists don't think about the sell part. They think about the buy part. So if we're going to stay private for longer and we're going to have trillion dollar private companies and Databricks at 200 billion dollars, you got to think about is today a day we should be selling some and returning it to our investors?
Because doesn't it create though, as what Jason said, these very complicated personality dynamics where maybe you get shot out of a new company, maybe you get shot out of an incremental round and there's bad blood because you're a credible investor and there's the signaling risk. Whereas in the privates, if you and Gavin decide to sell, nobody knows.
Open the source and seek to the timestamp above.
2026-03-11
And so what we are seeing now is in the private markets, you know, there's a lot of capital that's where people are willing to deploy it to companies at early stages and then to stay on. But at the same time, there is, there are inhibitions for private companies to go public. And one of them is the cost of our rules to comply with our rules and the disclosure ones, especially where you have all the annual report requirements, proxy statements and all of that. And so, and the quarterly reporting and so forth. So that is one big inhibition where things are not necessarily focused on materiality anymore.
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Going public solves some problems, not the business
Public markets offer capital and a more visible trading price, while adding reporting and governance obligations. Atkins emphasizes those costs; Feldman describes a listing that left the core operating challenges unchanged. This puts the decision in perspective. An IPO can improve financing and liquidity without proving that a company has solved its supply, product or customer problems.
Supporting passages
2026-03-11
And so what we are seeing now is in the private markets, you know, there's a lot of capital that's where people are willing to deploy it to companies at early stages and then to stay on. But at the same time, there is, there are inhibitions for private companies to go public. And one of them is the cost of our rules to comply with our rules and the disclosure ones, especially where you have all the annual report requirements, proxy statements and all of that. And so, and the quarterly reporting and so forth. So that is one big inhibition where things are not necessarily focused on materiality anymore.
Open the source and seek to the timestamp above.
2026-06-06
I was there. Tour de force. Look, I think you do all this work. And I think it's really difficult to overestimate the amount of garbage that's involved in going public. The number of meetings where you look on the Zoom and there are 130 attendees. And the amount of times you review these documents and the commas move and just no values added. And you go there and you have this enormous event. And the next morning, you've sold no more stuff. Your engineering projects have made no progress since the day you weren't public. And you go back to work. And you have some new constituents that you have to address and communicate with. But the core parts of your business, you have more money in the bank. But not a damn thing changes in the important parts of your business. If you still, if you need new supply or if your relationships with your vendors are bad, they're still bad. If they're good, they're still good. And so I think what we've seen is your employees have a party, everybody's really excited and you put your head back down, you high five and you go back to work.
Open the source and seek to the timestamp above.
What remains unresolved
What information, pricing and resale options accompany wider access? The goal is meaningful participation in value creation, not simply a larger pool of buyers for existing holders.
A selected guide · September 2025–September 4, 2026 · Sources and method